Release time: 2021-12-31
Source: Handheld Qingyuan
Tan Qi, Vice President of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Director of National Edible Fungus Engineering Technology Research Center, Chief Scientist of National Edible Fungus Industry Technology System. As one of the leaders in the edible fungi industry and disciplines, Tan Qi has worked in the field of genetic breeding and cultivation of
Mushrooms and other edible fungi for 36 years, presided over the establishment of the largest mushroom germplasm resource bank and multi-level evaluation system in China; for the first time proved the existence of the leading nucleus of mushrooms. The creation of the "asymmetric hybrid breeding" theory provides a new and efficient breeding method for edible fungi; the breeding of "Shenxiang" and "Huxiang" series varieties meets the diversified needs of the industry and covers the main producing areas of mushrooms in my country; the first "facility system" The "Boom Ecological Mushroom Fruiting" model leads the transformation and upgrading of shiitake mushroom production and has become an important starting point for targeted poverty alleviation; it has built China's first modern enterprise of real shimeji mushroom and has become the source of domestic factory development.
As an expert in promoting
Shiitake Mushrooms to become the largest cultivated mushroom species, what is the indissoluble bond between Tan Qi and Zhejiang Qingyuan shiitake mushrooms?
From Wu San Gong`s semi-artificial cultivation to fully artificial cultivation
Strictly speaking, the flower-cutting method invented by Wu Sangong of Qingyuan more than 800 years ago belongs to semi-natural and semi-artificial cultivation, because it relies on the self-germination of natural spores to produce shiitake mushrooms.
The relationship between the Institute of Edible Fungi of the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Qingyuan also originated from this. Mr. Chen Meipeng, the first director of the Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, cultivated pure mushroom species in 1957. The following year, the mother and original species of lentinus edodes were formally produced. Inoculation and cultivation of lentinus edodes was successful in real sense. The artificial cultivation of shiitake mushrooms has been realized.
In the 1950s and 1960s, Mr. Chen Meipeng came to Longqingjing to promote the technique of inoculation and cultivation of shiitake mushrooms in Duanmu. "After the reform and opening up, our institute has also had very good cooperation with Qingyuan and Master Wu Kedian." Tan Qi introduced that at that time the Qingyuan Mushroom Seed Factory of the Institute of Edible Fungi of the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences was established in Qingyuan. Two technicians went to Qingyuan to guide the construction of a strain plant and help the development of Qingyuan mushrooms.
"Wu Kedian is my master"
"As soon as I stepped into the field of shiitake mushrooms, I was the first one to reach Qingyuan." Recalling his experience in Qingyuan, Tan Qi said with a smile.
Tan Qi has been engaged in mushroom research since 1995. He is the third generation of mushroom researcher at the Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences. And the edible mushroom researcher Wu Kedian whom Tan Qi came into contact with Qingyuan also became her guide, "Master Wu Kedian, I always call him master, and he is also my master."
Wu Kedian is the only edible fungus expert in Qingyuan who has won the National Science and Technology Progress Award. He has made significant contributions to the edible fungus industry and the economic development of Qingyuan County, and is honored by the people as "Contemporary Wu Sangong".
Flower mushrooms are the top grade of shiitake mushrooms. In 1996, Tan Qi followed Master Wu Kedian to study and research the technology of substituting flowering mushrooms. He completed two sets of new techniques for indoor and outdoor substituting cultivation of flowering mushrooms on high-shelf racks, and selected Qingyuan suitable for substituting cultivation of flowering mushrooms. 9015 (939), 135 and other excellent strains. Nowadays, the technology of cultivating flower mushrooms with substitute materials has been used in the production areas of shiitake mushrooms across the country, which has produced huge economic and social benefits.
25 years, for Tan Qi; 60 years, for the Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, "So we have a deep relationship, and my feelings for Qingyuan are also very deep." Tan Qi said.
Not only that, Tan Qi has also in-depth cooperation with Qingyuan on the research of edible fungi. In 2008, the "Establishment of New Mushroom Breeding Technology and Selection of New Varieties" jointly conducted by the two parties won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award.
Why is Wu Kedian her master, Tan Qi preached, "He showed me a way." In the long-term cooperation, they jointly won the 2018-2019 Shennong China Agricultural Science and Technology Award with "Lentid Mushroom Germplasm Innovation and High-quality New Variety Cultivation and Industrial Application".
"This year I also won the first prize of Shanghai Science and Technology Progress. These are inseparable from Qingyuan's support." Tan Qi said.
Give full play to the role of Qingyuan edible fungi in promoting common prosperity
Qingyuan has developed the shiitake mushroom industry for more than 800 years. From the traditional cutting of flowers and wood to the current substitute method, in the process of substitute cultivation, from water mushrooms, thick mushrooms to flower mushrooms, Qingyuan has made a lot of efforts. Great contribution. There is also a national-oriented, Qingyuan shiitake mushroom market has made a significant contribution to the stability of the national shiitake mushroom industry.
During the development of edible fungi in recent years, the edible fungus industry in various regions has been developing continuously. Shiitake mushroom is a labor-intensive industry, and now Qingyuan mushroom farmers are too old, how to liberate labor? "I think Qingyuan may still have to make a transformation and upgrade in the entire production and cultivation model in the future." Tan Qi gave her advice.
The common people are engaged in the production of the entire industrial chain from material preparation to bagging, sterilization, inoculation, cultivation, fruiting, drying and final sales. "Now we suggest to divide it into segments, and let the company bring together the most labor-intensive front-end, involving the highest technical content, and the people only need to be responsible for the fruiting link." Tan Qi introduced that Qingyuan mainly uses the form of dried mushrooms. Centralized drying can be carried out to liberate the labor force of the common people.
"The county now has this awareness and hopes that it can be strongly promoted during the '14th Five-Year Plan' period to support some enterprises in the specialized production of fungus sticks. This industry can still develop forever and develop better." Tan Qi also hopes to play an important role in Qingyuan's common prosperity.
Make full use of the germplasm resources of edible fungi in the development of biotechnology industry
"I think that in the process of developing biotechnology, Qingyuan takes the edible fungus industry as an example. It can focus on resources and extensively collect some germplasm resources for collection, preservation and evaluation. Resources, only when they are used, can they have their value and be fully utilized. It has its due role. I think your mushroom industry can still play a lot of role in the development of biotechnology." For the development of Qingyuan's edible mushroom technology, Tan Qi suggested.
Tan Qi said that Qingyuan has always paid attention to the development of science and technology and also has an edible fungus scientific research center. It is necessary to do a good job in ensuring the quality of strains, do a good job in the early stage, and then carry out the selection and breeding of some new varieties. In the future, Qingyuan`s cultivation model will be transformed and upgraded, and the facility-based fungus rods may be different from those required by the common people`s traditional production mode. Therefore, this requires the emergence of some new varieties suitable for new cultivation models in order to allow the industry to Develop steadily.
